International marketing Essay

International marketing Essay International marketing Essay Abstract What is Developing Country, it will be good to give you an idea in what it is: A country having a standard of living or level of industrial production well below that possible with financial or technical aid; a country that is not yet highly industrialized. It is a poor country that is trying to develop its resources by industrialization. Imports and Exports are two opposite methods of international trading. An Import is described in trade as being ‘a service or goods brought into a country from abroad for sale or trade’. An Export is described as being ‘a service or goods produced in one country that are sent to another for sale or trade’. Kenya is located in Africa, on the East; just below the "horn" that is Somalia. It's bordered by the Indian Ocean on the South East, Tanzania on the South, Uganda on the West, Sudan on the North West, Ethiopia on the North and Somalia on the North East. In Kenya is the second highest mountain in Africa after the Kilimanjaro. The product that I choose to market in Kenya is the cotton, Kenya has the most labor for textile factory, and they import 30,000 containers of clothes annually, so I think will be a good product to market, because that is the most income that Kenya have, beside the labor are not to expenses and that will help their own business man in Kenya. Kenya is sovereign republic. At independence the government was modeled around the U.S Presidency and British Legislature but later, other amendments were introduced to the structure and nature of the government. With the new constitution the Kenya government structure will change fundamentally. Kenya will adopt a fully presidential system of government, with county government, county assemblies, governors and senators. The Executive and the Legislature will be delinked, unlike in the past where Cabinet ministers were drawn from Parliament. In Kenya, the powers of government are traditionally divided into three main organs the Executive, the Legislature and the Judiciary. The separation of powers here makes the judiciary more independent however, the legislature, which makes the laws, contains members of the executive (President and the Cabinet Ministers) who are responsible for carrying out the laws. The Kenya Revenue Authority was established in 1995 by an Act of Parliament, under Cap 469 of the Laws of Kenya. The Authority has the responsibility of assessing, collecting and accounting for the taxes. It collects revenue and administers the revenue Acts for the purpose of facilitating trade. The Authority collects four main taxes: Customs and Excise, Income Tax, Value Added Tax (VAT) and motor vehicle road licenses and driving licenses. It may collect any other tax assigned it by the government. The Authority is headed by a Commissioner General. There is a board of directors headed by a chairman. There are three Revenue Commissioners, the Register of Motor Vehicles and heads of various service departments. The KRA has introduced remarkable efficiency and professionalism in tax administration and operations. In the period of about eight years it has been in existence, its impact is clearly felt in the society. The headquarters, revenue and support departments are all housed at Times Tower building in Nairobi. Taxes collected in Kenya are: 1. Import duty 2. Excise duty 3. Income Tax 4. Value Added Tax (VAT) 5. Registration and transfer fee of motor vehicles and road and driving licenses. Other government revenues collected by the authority on agency basis include: 1. Petroleum Development Fund 2. Import Declaration and Fund (IDF) 3. Foreign Motor Vehicle Inspection Fee 4. Road Maintenance Levy 5. Road Transit Toll Levy 6. Aviation Revenue 7. Revenue Stamps 8. Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) Levy 9. Widows, Children and Parliamentary Pension Fund, Betting Tax 10. Gaming (casino) Tax. Income Tax in Kenya income tax is almost as old as the customs duty in Kenya. Both taxes were International Marketing Essay International Marketing Essay I- INTRODUCTION: This report will help us understand four main different points between the Saudi Arabia and New Zealanders in term of culture. They have the differences between gender, and social position attitude. Each country still have different opinion about working together and do it yourself. Moreover, the upgrading their social position is hard in Saudi Arabia. The final point in the first cultural difference part will mention about the vital element that make them become unique compare with others. There is religion. And the final part of this report, some recommendation about how Australian firms should do advertising effectively in Saudi Arabia will be make. II- CULTURAL DIFFERENCES: Generally, Saudi Arabia and New Zealand can be represented for two big cultural clusters. The former can be seen as Arab culture, and over millions of people in this culture are influenced by religion, especially Islam. The latter represents for the Anglo culture that we often call Western culture in general. Therefore, they have many significant differences in their religion, decision making style, organizational structure, norms as well as special rituals. Thus, using some studies of Hofstede and Trompenaars will help to measure the cultural differences on a global basis. 2.1 Power distance: The power distance shows the degree to which the level of acceptance by a society of the unequal distribution of powering in institution. According to the chart on an Appendix A, the Saudi Arabia (95) is higher than New Zealand (22) considerably in term of Power Distance dimension. It points out that there is a gap in gender as well as the social position in this country. The men have more power for making decision in the family. The women in this culture have â€Å"no voice†, and they must follow the men’s command. In business, the organizational structure is centralized. The leaders are often man, and there is unfair in working between men and women. That is a reason why the business environment in Saudi Arabia is stressful, and the law system is extremely strict. For example, if a Saudi Arabian woman hug, shake hand or greet with the person who do not know. They will be treated by the Islamic laws. However, the men have a right to shakes hands or kiss on each cheer o f their friends as greeting. By contrast, New Zealanders consider as friendly people. They are easy to say â€Å"hello† to strangers and willing to assist someone without being asking. Moreover, they have a free thought in greeting, and gender as well. That culture make New Zealand organizational structure is low hierarchy, and the employees feel free when they give their comment or ideas with their boss. Gender is no matter in working environment. They depend on their achievement, knowledge, or talent to step up to the higher position regardless who they are, and what is their gender. As the impact of culture, the law systems is fair, and the government of the country is follow the democracy. As the evidence, New Zealand has â€Å"the case law† that depends on each situation; the court will have different verdict after deeply investigation. Otherwise, the law system of Saudi Arabia is based on the â€Å"Koran book† and Prophet Muhammad, so the breaking law will lead the offender to be punis hed by the severe rule without considering for individual circumstance. 2.2 Individualism and collectivism: This cultural dimension refers the degree to which a people in a society follow the individualism, or collectivism (Deresky, 2011, p.112). According to the chart in Appendix, the New Zealand has higher score in this dimension. Therefore, New Zealand pay more attention to the self-reliance, and â€Å"can do attitude†. It is one of the most remarkable points in New Zealand culture. In reality, New Zealander try to develop their children by let them free to discover the world around them. So, New Zealander is quite active, and creative in studying, and working as well. As regards the society, an